Distinct Contributions of Working Memory and Attentional Control to Sentence Comprehension in Noise in Persons with Stroke

Autor/inn/en	Fitzhugh, Megan C.; LaCroix, Arianna N.; Rogalsky, Corianne
Titel	Distinct Contributions of Working Memory and Attentional Control to Sentence Comprehension in Noise in Persons with Stroke
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 64 (2021) 8, S.3230-3241 (12 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (LaCroix, Arianna N.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
Schlagwörter	Sentences; Comprehension; Acoustics; Neurological Impairments; Cognitive Ability; Short Term Memory; Attention Control; Auditory Stimuli; Visual Stimuli; Age Differences; Individual Characteristics; Predictor Variables; Reaction Time; Adults; Hearing (Physiology); Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; Stroop Color Word Test + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Sentence analysis; Satzanalyse; Verstehen; Verständnis; Akustik; Neurodegenerative Erkrankung; Denkfähigkeit; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Aufmerksamkeitstest; Auditive Stimulation; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Personality characteristic; Personality traits; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Prädiktor; Reaktionsvermögen; Gehör; Hören
Abstract	Purpose: Sentence comprehension deficits are common following a left hemisphere stroke and have primarily been investigated under optimal listening conditions. However, ample work in neurotypical controls indicates that background noise affects sentence comprehension and the cognitive resources it engages. The purpose of this study was to examine how background noise affects sentence comprehension poststroke using both energetic and informational maskers. We further sought to identify whether sentence comprehension in noise abilities are related to poststroke cognitive abilities, specifically working memory and/or attentional control. Method: Twenty persons with chronic left hemisphere stroke completed a sentence-picture matching task where they listened to sentences presented in three types of maskers: multispeakers, broadband noise, and silence (control condition). Working memory, attentional control, and hearing thresholds were also assessed. Results: A repeated-measures analysis of variance identified participants to have the greatest difficulty with the multispeakers condition, followed by broadband noise and then silence. Regression analyses, after controlling for age and hearing ability, identified working memory as a significant predictor of listening engagement (i.e., mean reaction time) in broadband noise and multispeakers and attentional control as a significant predictor of informational masking effects (computed as a reaction time difference score where broadband noise is subtracted from multispeakers). Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that background noise impacts sentence comprehension abilities poststroke and that these difficulties may arise due to deficits in the cognitive resources supporting sentence comprehension and not other factors such as age or hearing. These findings also highlight a relationship between working memory abilities and sentence comprehension in background noise. We further suggest that attentional control abilities contribute to sentence comprehension by supporting the additional demands associated with informational masking. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01