A Clinical Advantage: Experience Informs Recognition and Adaptation to a Novel Talker with Dysarthria

Autor/inn/en	Borrie, Stephanie A.; Lansford, Kaitlin L.; Barrett, Tyson S.
Titel	A Clinical Advantage: Experience Informs Recognition and Adaptation to a Novel Talker with Dysarthria
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 64 (2021) 5, S.1503-1514 (12 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Borrie, Stephanie A.) ORCID (Lansford, Kaitlin L.) ORCID (Barrett, Tyson S.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
Schlagwörter	Articulation Impairments; Neurological Impairments; Allied Health Personnel; Familiarity; Intelligibility; Experience; Training; Speech + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Artikulationsstörung; Neurodegenerative Erkrankung; Erfahrung; Ausbildung; Speaking; Sprechen
Abstract	Purpose: Perceptual training paradigms, which leverage the mechanism of perceptual learning, show that naïve listeners, those with no prior experience with dysarthria, benefit from explicit familiarization with a talker with dysarthria. It is theorized that familiarization affords listeners an opportunity to acquire distributional knowledge of the degraded speech signal. Here, we extend investigations to clinically experienced listeners, speech-language pathologists (SLPs), and advance models of listener recognition and adaptation to dysarthric speech. Method: Forty-seven SLPs completed a standard three-phase perceptual training protocol (pretest, familiarization, and posttest) with a novel talker with dysarthria. Intelligibility scores were compared with historical data from naïve listeners. Potential relationships between intelligibility scores and characteristics of clinical experience were examined. Results: Intelligibility scores of SLPs improved by an average of 19% from pretest to posttest. This intelligibility improvement was lower than naïve listeners, although the difference was small. Moreover, clinical characteristics related to level of dysarthria experience (e.g., percent of caseload composed of dysarthria) predicted pretest/initial intelligibility. No predictive relationships between clinical characteristics and intelligibility improvement were revealed. Conclusions: As a group, SLPs benefitted from perceptual training, suggesting that, despite prior experience, the opportunity to acquire knowledge of talker-specific cue distributions is crucial for optimal adaptation. However, SLPs with greater dysarthria experience were better at initially understanding the talker with dysarthria. This suggests that, through regular interaction with individuals with dysarthria, clinicians acquire knowledge of the cue distributions of dysarthric speech more generally and can generalize this group-specific knowledge to aid in understanding other talkers with dysarthria. Consistent with theoretical models of perceptual learning, both talker- and group-specific knowledge informed recognition and adaptation to dysarthric speech. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01