Characterizing Engineering Work in a Changing World: Synthesis of a Typology for Engineering Students' Occupational Outcomes

Autor/inn/en	Magarian, James N.; Seering, Warren P.
Titel	Characterizing Engineering Work in a Changing World: Synthesis of a Typology for Engineering Students' Occupational Outcomes
Quelle	In: Journal of Engineering Education, 110 (2021) 2, S.458-500 (43 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Magarian, James N.) ORCID (Seering, Warren P.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1069-4730
DOI	10.1002/jee.20382
Schlagwörter	College Students; Engineering Education; Education Work Relationship; Expectation; Occupations; Classification; Persistence + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Collegestudent; Ingenieurausbildung; Expectancy; Erwartung; Beruf; Berufsumfeld; Classification system; Klassifikation; Klassifikationssystem; Ausdauer
Abstract	Background: Engineering education research frequently examines students' persistence (or intentions to persist) into engineering careers from engineering school. However, the variety of engineering-related occupations has increased substantially in recent years, challenging researchers' abilities to discern what constitutes persistence in engineering. Purpose: This article investigates the question: How can researchers categorize students' occupational outcomes in terms of engineering relatedness in a manner that enables consistency across future studies and that is informed by enduring conceptions of engineering work? We develop an occupational outcomes typology in response to this question. Scope/Method: We employed systematic literature reviews to substantiate the typology. In total, we reviewed 259 sources published between 1966 and 2016. Review 1 examined sources discussing or debating the presence of unifying occupational attributes across engineering practice. Review 2 examined sources discussing common job functions constituting unifying criteria identified in Review 1. Review 3 examined sources discussing specific work activities associated with functions identified in Review 2. Finally, Review 4 examined job profile data from the year 2017 on 1100 job titles to identify contemporary nonengineering-titled jobs involving activities similar to activities found in Review 3. Conclusions: Engineering practitioners' possession of design responsibility--their responsibility for products' efficacy and safety through governance of designs (new or existing)--has served as a unifying work attribute over time. We find that the 21st century has given rise to interrelated roles encompassing and surrounding conventional engineering work and propose a typology that categorizes occupations in relation to engineering. The typology offers a responsibility-based framing of engineering that helps educators illustrate key distinctions among contemporary engineering-related occupations. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2022/1/01