Knowledge-Based and Signal-Based Cues Are Weighted Flexibly during Spoken Language Comprehension

Autor/inn/en	Kaufeld, Greta; Ravenschlag, Anna; Meyer, Antje S.; Martin, Andrea E.; Bosker, Hans Rutger
Titel	Knowledge-Based and Signal-Based Cues Are Weighted Flexibly during Spoken Language Comprehension
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 46 (2020) 3, S.549-562 (14 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Kaufeld, Greta)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/xlm0000744
Schlagwörter	Speech Communication; Cues; Morphology (Languages); Syntax; Gender Differences; Eye Movements; Language Processing; Reliability; Information Sources; Preferences; Behavior Patterns; Acoustics; Context Effect; Indo European Languages; Foreign Countries; Prediction; Native Language; Grammar; Netherlands + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Stichwort; Morphology; Morphologie; Geschlechterkonflikt; Augenbewegung; Sprachverarbeitung; Reliabilität; Information source; Informationsquelle; Akustik; Indoeuropäisch; Ausland; Vorhersage; Grammatik; Niederlande
Abstract	During spoken language comprehension, listeners make use of both knowledge-based and signal-based sources of information, but little is known about how cues from these distinct levels of representational hierarchy are weighted and integrated online. In an eye-tracking experiment using the visual world paradigm, we investigated the flexible weighting and integration of morphosyntactic gender marking (a knowledge-based cue) and contextual speech rate (a signal-based cue). We observed that participants used the morphosyntactic cue immediately to make predictions about upcoming referents, even in the presence of uncertainty about the cue's reliability. Moreover, we found speech rate normalization effects in participants' gaze patterns even in the presence of preceding morphosyntactic information. These results demonstrate that cues are weighted and integrated flexibly online, rather than adhering to a strict hierarchy. We further found rate normalization effects in the looking behavior of participants who showed a strong behavioral preference for the morphosyntactic gender cue. This indicates that rate normalization effects are robust and potentially automatic. We discuss these results in light of theories of cue integration and the two-stage model of acoustic context effects. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01