The Pedagogical Power of Context: Extending the Epidemiology of Eyam

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Autor/inn/en	Cullerne, J. P.; French, A.; Poon, D.; Baxter, A.; Thompson, R.N.
Titel	The Pedagogical Power of Context: Extending the Epidemiology of Eyam
Quelle	In: Physics Education, 55 (2020) 1, Artikel 5 (21 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Cullerne, J. P.) ORCID (French, A.) ORCID (Thompson, R.N.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0031-9120
Schlagwörter	Science Instruction; Interdisciplinary Approach; Teamwork; Research Skills; Student Research; Spreadsheets; Equations (Mathematics); Public Health; Communicable Diseases; College Bound Students; High School Students; Prediction; Educational Technology; Technology Uses in Education; Epidemiology + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Teaching of science; Science education; Natural sciences Lessons; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht; Fächerübergreifender Unterricht; Fächerverbindender Unterricht; Interdisziplinarität; Forschungsleistung; Studentenforschung; Spread sheet; Spredsheets; Spreadsheet; Tabellenkalkulation; Equations; Mathematics; Gleichungslehre; Gesundheitswesen; Contagious disease; Contagious diseases; Communicable disease; Infektionskrankheit; High school; High schools; Student; Students; Oberschule; Schüler; Schülerin; Studentin; Vorhersage; Unterrichtsmedien; Technology enhanced learning; Technology aided learning; Technologieunterstütztes Lernen; Epidemiologie
Abstract	This paper describes the further development of the "Epidemiology of Eyam" project at Winchester College since the publication of our previous paper (French "et al" 2019 Phys. Educ. 54 045008). A much wider cadre of students have been involved with this recent phase of the study, and we have also benefitted from a sabbatical collaboration with Oxford University Mathematical Institute. It is hoped that the research presented here can be used as a case study for an Extended Project Qualification (EPQ) or equivalent in a range of schools around the UK and worldwide. We feel that a project such as this, with a strong humanities and public health rooted context, could incentivise students of mathematics and sciences to participate in interdisciplinary teams over an educationally significant period, and offer an opportunity to develop vital independent research skills that are required at University, but are often difficult to experience in a School context. The main educational goal of our previous paper was to provide an suitable context to incentivise the introduction of Calculus ideas. In this paper we assume a slightly higher level of mathematical skill, and aim to present a more comprehensive analysis of the epidemiological model that we will refer to as the 'Eyam Equations.' We describe a 'semi-analytic' solution, and make the connection to the approximation of Kermack and McKendrick (Kermack and McKendrick 1927 "Proc. R. Soc. Lond". A 115 700-21) which held sway for much of the early twentieth century. We revisit the Eyam 1660s plague data of William Mompesson, and also apply the model to Ebola data collected in Liberia during the 2014-16 epidemic in West Africa. Motivated by uncertainty in the size of the 'at-risk' Susceptible population, we re-parameterize the model in terms of alternative inputs which enable a curve-fitting mechanism to be conducted more efficiently, with a much more tightly bounded range of possible parameter values. In addition to a spreadsheet model, we have created a software application in the MATLAB environment which has dynamic tools that could potentially enable a sensible curve fit to be calculated very rapidly in response to new data. From a time series describing the Infective population of the 2014-16 Liberia Ebola epidemic, we can predict Infective I(t), Susceptible S(t) and Dead D(t) populations, calculate the associated total population size N, calculate the Kendall Susceptible threshold "?", and hence the Basic Reproduction Number R[subscript 0] = N/"?". For the Liberia Ebola data, these are: N = 2542, "?" = 1373, R[subscript 0] = 1.85. Note this suggests that out of an 'at risk' population of N = 2542, about 75% may ultimately have been infected by the Ebola virus. In the WHO Ebola Response Team report (WHO Ebola Response Roadmap Situation Report), R[subscript 0] = 1.83 plus or minus 0.11 for the 2014-16 Liberia outbreak. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01