Childhood Intelligence, Family Background, and Gender as Drivers of Socioeconomic Success: The Mediating Role of Education

Autor/inn/en	Becker, Michael; Baumert, Jürgen; Tetzner, Julia; Maaz, Kai; Köller, Olaf
Titel	Childhood Intelligence, Family Background, and Gender as Drivers of Socioeconomic Success: The Mediating Role of Education
Quelle	In: Developmental Psychology, 55 (2019) 10, S.2231-2248 (18 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1649
DOI	10.1037/dev0000766
Schlagwörter	Intelligence; Family Characteristics; Gender Differences; Income; Socioeconomic Status; Parent Child Relationship; Correlation; Longitudinal Studies; Predictor Variables; Comparative Analysis; Foreign Countries; Employment Level; Social Status; Intelligence Tests; Track System (Education); Grade 7; Grade 12; Secondary School Students; Educational Attainment; Adults; Part Time Employment; Child Rearing; Germany + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Intelligenz; Klugheit; Geschlechterkonflikt; Einkommen; Socio-economic status; Sozioökonomischer Status; Parents-child relationship; Parent-child-relation; Parent-child relationship; Eltern-Kind-Beziehung; Korrelation; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Prädiktor; Ausland; Beschäftigungsgrad; Sozialer Status; Intelligence test; Intelligenztest; Leistungsgruppe; Leistungsdifferenzierung; School year 07; 7. Schuljahr; Schuljahr 07; School year 12; 12. Schuljahr; Schuljahr 12; Sekundarschüler; Bildungsabschluss; Bildungsgut; Part-time employment; Teilzeitbeschäftigung; Kindererziehung; Deutschland
Abstract	What drives socioeconomic success within a society? This study analyzes how late childhood intelligence, parental socioeconomic background, and gender relate to multiple dimensions of adult socioeconomic success (i.e., education, occupational status, and income). A particular focus is placed on education, which is considered as both an indicator of socioeconomic success and a mediator of the relationships with the other dimensions. Randomly sampled participants (N = 5,292) in a German prospective longitudinal study were assessed for the first time at age 12 years in 1991 and for the last time as adults in 2009-10. Comparison of the effects of childhood intelligence and parental socioeconomic background revealed childhood intelligence to be the more powerful predictor of the 3 dimensions of later adult socioeconomic success. Education was the strongest predictor of both later adult occupational status and later adult income, and mediated most of the effects of childhood intelligence and parental socioeconomic background on later adult occupational status and later adult income. A gender income gap was apparent, with men reporting higher income, even when childhood factors and education were controlled. Education barely mediated any gender differences, but family-related structural factors (i.e., working part time and having children) explained much of the gender gap in income. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01