Spoken Sentence Production in College Students with Dyslexia: Working Memory and Vocabulary Effects

Autor/inn/en	Wiseheart, Rebecca; Altmann, Lori J. P.
Titel	Spoken Sentence Production in College Students with Dyslexia: Working Memory and Vocabulary Effects
Quelle	In: International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 53 (2018) 2, S.355-369 (15 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1368-2822
DOI	10.1111/1460-6984.12353
Schlagwörter	College Students; Oral Language; Dyslexia; Short Term Memory; Vocabulary Skills; Language Tests; Grammar; Language Fluency; Morphology (Languages); Syntax; Verbs; Nouns; Reaction Time; Predictor Variables; Efficiency + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Collegestudent; Oral interpretation; Mündlicher Sprachgebrauch; Dyslexics; Legasthenie; Lese-Rechtschreib-Schwäche; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Aktiver Wortschatz; Language test; Sprachtest; Grammatik; Language skill; Language skills; Sprachkompetenz; Morphology; Morphologie; Reaktionsvermögen; Prädiktor; Effectiveness; Effektivität; Wirkungsgrad
Abstract	Background: Individuals with dyslexia demonstrate syntactic difficulties on tasks of language comprehension, yet little is known about spoken language production in this population. Aims: To investigate whether spoken sentence production in college students with dyslexia is less proficient than in typical readers, and to determine whether group differences can be attributable to cognitive differences between groups. Methods & Procedures: Fifty-one college students with and without dyslexia were asked to produce sentences from stimuli comprising a verb and two nouns. Verb types varied in argument structure and morphological form and nouns varied in animacy. Outcome measures were precision (measured by fluency, grammaticality and completeness) and efficiency (measured by response times). Vocabulary and working memory tests were also administered and used as predictors of sentence production performance. Outcomes & Results: Relative to non-dyslexic peers, students with dyslexia responded significantly slower and produced sentences that were significantly less precise in terms of fluency, grammaticality and completeness. The primary predictors of precision and efficiency were working memory, which differed between groups, and vocabulary, which did not. Conclusions & Implications: College students with dyslexia were significantly less facile and flexible on this spoken sentence-production task than typical readers, which is consistent with previous studies of school-age children with dyslexia. Group differences in performance were traced primarily to limited working memory, and were somewhat mitigated by strong vocabulary. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01