Why are you so optimistic. Effects of sociodemographic factors, individual experiences, and peer characteristics on optimism in early adolescents.

Autor/inn/en	Tetzner, Julia; Becker, Michael
Titel	Why are you so optimistic. Effects of sociodemographic factors, individual experiences, and peer characteristics on optimism in early adolescents.
Quelle	In: Journal of personality, 87 (2019) 3, S. 661-675 PDF als Volltext Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Beigaben	Illustrationen
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1467-6494
DOI	10.1111/jopy.12424
Schlagwörter	Längsschnittuntersuchung; Einstellung (Psy); Emotion; Freude; Kognitive Kompetenz; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Verhalten; Wohlbefinden; Akzeptanz; Akzeptanz; Deutschland; Eltern; Freude; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Schüler; Verhalten; Wohlbefinden; Lernerfolg; Leistungsbeurteilung; Kognitive Kompetenz; Eltern; Schuljahr 07; Schüler; Leistungsbeurteilung; Lernerfolg; Schüler-Schüler-Beziehung; Peer Group; Sozioökonomische Lage; Einflussfaktor; Jugendlicher; Deutschland
Abstract	Objective: Although a growing body of research has confirmed the manifold advantages of being an optimist, only a limited body of previous research has addressed the antecedents of optimism in real-life situations. This study examined whether parental socioeconomic status (SES), age-salient experiences (i.e., doing well in school and perceiving acceptance from peers), and aspects of the student composition at school contribute to changes in the optimism of early adolescents. Method: We followed a large sample of German seventh graders (N = 7,272; 2.9% females; baseline Mage = 14.1) at two measurement points over a period of 5 months and estimated latent regression models. Results: First, optimism showed medium-sized rank-order stability between both measurement points. Second, parental SES predicted changes in optimism, but this effect was fully mediated by age-salient experiences. Third, positive age-salient experiences (i.e., academic achievement and perceived peer acceptance) predicted positive changes in early adolescents' optimism. Fourth, our results suggested no effects of school peer composition. Conclusions: The findings broaden our current knowledge about antecedents of changes in optimism during early adolescence by highlighting the effects of positive age-salient experiences, namely, academic achievement and perceived acceptance from peers. (DIPF/Orig.).
Erfasst von	DIPF \| Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsforschung und Bildungsinformation, Frankfurt am Main
Update	2020/2