Children's first experience of taking anabolic-androgenic steroids can occur before their 10th birthday. A systematic review identifying 9 factors that predicted doping among young people.

Autor/inn/en	Nicholls, Adam R.; Cope, Ed; Bailey, Richard; Koenen, Katrin; Dumon, Detlef; Theodorou, Nikolaos C.; Chanal, Benoit; Saint Laurent, Delphine; Müller, David; Andrés, Mar P.; Kristensen, Annemarie H.; Thompson, Mark A.; Baumann, Wolfgang; Laurent, Jean-Francois
Titel	Children's first experience of taking anabolic-androgenic steroids can occur before their 10th birthday. A systematic review identifying 9 factors that predicted doping among young people. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Die erste Erfahrung mit anabolen und androgenen Steroiden kann bei Kindern vor ihrem 10. Geburtstag auftreten: systematische Überprüfung von 9 Faktoren, die Doping unter Jugendlichen vorhergesagt haben.
Quelle	In: Frontiers in psychology, 8 (2017) Art. 1015, 22 S. PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01015
Schlagwörter	Gruppendynamik; Ethnizität; Adoleszenz; Kind; Gesundheit; Doping; Sportmedizin; Sportpolitik; Sportpsychologie; Sportpädagogik; Sportsoziologie; Forschungsstand; Pharmazie; Sportwissenschaft; Geschlechtsspezifik; Prävention; Soziale Differenzierung; Jugendlicher
Abstract	Taking performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) can cause serious and irreversible health consequences, which can ultimately lead to premature death. Some young people may take PEDs without fully understanding the ramifications of their actions or based on the advice from others. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the main factors that predicted doping among young people. The literature was systematically reviewed using search engines, manually searching specialist journals, and pearl growing. Fifty-two studies, which included 187,288 young people aged between 10 and 21 years of age, 883 parents of adolescent athletes, and 11 adult coaches, who were interviewed regarding young athletes, were included in this review. Nine factors predicted doping among young people: gender; age; sports participation; sport type; psychological variables; entourage; ethnicity; nutritional supplements; and health harming behaviors. In regards to psychological variables, 22 different constructs were associated with doping among young people. Some psychological constructs were negatively associated with doping (e.g., self-esteem, resisting social pressure, and perfectionist strivings), whereas other were positively associated with doping (e.g., suicide risk, anticipated regret, and aggression). Policy makers and National Anti-Doping Organizations could use these findings to help identify athletes who are more at risk of doping and then expose these individuals to anti-doping education. Based on the current findings, it also appears that education programs should commence at the onset of adolescence or even late childhood, due to the young age in which some individuals start doping. (Autor).
Erfasst von	Bundesinstitut für Sportwissenschaft, Bonn
Update	2017/4