Aging and Confidence Judgments in Item Recognition

Autor/inn/en	Voskuilen, Chelsea; Ratcliff, Roger; McKoon, Gail
Titel	Aging and Confidence Judgments in Item Recognition
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44 (2018) 1, S.1-23 (23 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/xlm0000425
Schlagwörter	Aging (Individuals); Recognition (Psychology); Familiarity; Metacognition; Reaction Time; Older Adults; Young Adults; Age Differences; Comparative Analysis; Memory; Decision Making Skills; Evaluative Thinking; Task Analysis; Models; Accuracy; Undergraduate Students; Word Recognition; Word Lists; Experiments; Statistical Analysis; Performance + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Aging; Altern; Recognition; Wiedererkennen; Meta cognitive ability; Meta-cognition; Metakognitive Fähigkeit; Metakognition; Reaktionsvermögen; Älterer Erwachsener; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Gedächtnis; Aufgabenanalyse; Analogiemodell; Worterkennung; Wortliste; Erprobung; Statistische Analyse; Achievement; Leistung
Abstract	We examined the effects of aging on performance in an item-recognition experiment with confidence judgments. A model for confidence judgments and response time (RTs; Ratcliff & Starns, 2013) was used to fit a large amount of data from a new sample of older adults and a previously reported sample of younger adults. This model of confidence judgments allows us to distinguish between changes evidence from memory and changes in decision-related components and it accounts for both RT distributions and response proportions. Older adults took longer to respond than younger adults, older adults exhibited a small decrease in the strength of evidence from memory compared with younger adults and a slight bias toward judging items as "old." The difference in RTs between the 2 age groups was primarily explained by the difference in the nondecision component. Although our small sample size makes the general conclusions about aging tentative, the results are consistent with other research examining the effects of aging in two-choice RT tasks and response-signal tasks, and the study demonstrates that confidence judgment choice proportion and RT distribution data from older adults can be fit with the response time and confidence 2 (RTCON2) model. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01