Migration policies and the highly skilled.

Autor/inn/en	Casarico, Alessandra; Uebelmesser, Silke
Titel	Migration policies and the highly skilled. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Einwanderungspolitiken und die Hochqualifizierten.
Quelle	In: Ifo DICE report, 16 (2018) 1, S. 28-33 PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; gedruckt; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	2511-7815; 2511-7823
Schlagwörter	Kultur; Bildungsertrag; Motivation; Arbeitserlaubnis; Industriestaat; Migration; Migrationspolitik; Quotierung; Ökonomische Determinanten; Qualifikation; Internationaler Vergleich; Auswahlverfahren; Rekrutierung; Institution; Europäische Union; Ausländer; Hoch Qualifizierter
Abstract	"Europe faces a skill shortage challenge. Beside policies targeting the domestic population, attracting foreign skilled workers is another option. This article provided an assessment of various migration policies geared towards this goal. At the EU level, the introduction of the EU Blue Card was a step in this direction, as this card eases immigration by highly skilled from outside the EU, provided that they fulfil certain conditions. These conditions comprise of higher professional qualifications, an employment contract or a binding job offer with a high salary compared to the average of the EU country in which the job is offered. EU countries 4 There is evidence that high-wage earners and those with high non-wage income are sensitive to the tax systems. For an interesting study on the effect of the preferential tax scheme in Denmark on foreign top earners' mobility, see Kleven et al. (2014). Akcigit, Baslandze, and Stantcheva (2016) study the effect of top tax rates on the international mobility of 'superstar' inventors. determine the details; they can also set an upper limit on the number of non-EU citizens who can enter for highly-qualified work.5 At the moment, a new directive to attract highly skilled workers to the European Union is under discussion by the European Parliament and Council, with the goal of easing entry conditions and further harmonising the regulatory framework (European Commission 2016). On a country level, EU countries are mostly continuing to facilitate admission of highly skilled workers, for example, the Czech Republic and Italy, while some other EU and non-EU countries, like New Zealand, Denmark and the United Kingdom, have made their skilled migration policy more selective (OECD 2017). There is, however, one important caveat: a selective migration policy only allows selection among those individuals who have an interest in coming to a country. To influence highly skilled workers' location decisions location decisions, in addition to a well-designed migration policy, the institutional framework of the destination country is also important. This comprises of labour market institutions, the transfer system, as well as the quality of the education sector and the design of family policy. In addition, a welcome culture is needed. Only in such cases can the destination country achieve its goals and benefit from the new ideas, skills and contacts that migrants bring with them." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku).
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2018/4