Activation policies in Finland.

Literaturnachweis - Detailanzeige

Trefferliste

Autor/inn/en	Duell, Nicola; Grubb, David; Singh, Shruti
Institution	OECD
Titel	Activation policies in Finland. Gefälligkeitsübersetzung: Aktivierungspolitik in Finnland.
Quelle	Paris (2009), 160 S.; 2541 KB PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Reihe	OECD social, employment and migration working papers. 98
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; Monographie; Graue Literatur
DOI	10.1787/220568650308
Schlagwörter	Erfolgskontrolle; Aktivierung; Sozialleistung; Sozialpolitik; Beschäftigungseffekt; Arbeitslosenquote; Arbeitsloser; Arbeitslosigkeit; Arbeitsmarktentwicklung; Arbeitsmarktpolitik; Arbeitsuchender; Qualifizierungsmaßnahme; Internationaler Vergleich; Arbeitspapier; Bekämpfung; OECD (Organisation für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung); Europäische Union; Leistungsempfänger; Australien; Belgien; Deutschland; Dänemark; Finnland; Frankreich; Griechenland; Großbritannien; Irland; Island; Italien; Japan; Kanada; Luxemburg; Mexiko; Neuseeland; Niederlande; Norwegen; Polen; Portugal; Schweden; Schweiz; Slowakei; Spanien; Türkei; USA; Ungarn; Österreich
Abstract	"This report examines the performance of the Public Employment Service (PES) and the effectiveness of activation strategies in Finland. It covers the role of the key actors, the placement function of the PES, the structure of out-of-work benefits and the related incentives and disincentives for taking up work, and provides an overview of the different active labour market programmes (ALMPs). After reaching extremely high levels in the early 1990s, unemployment in Finland declined steadily until the onset of the current economic downturn which has seen a rapid increase in the number of jobseekers. In the short term, the main challenge is to combat high and potentially persistent unemployment. In the longer term, given the ageing population and the likelihood of skills shortages, the focus should be on promoting participation of under-represented groups in the labour market while also investing further in skills. The broadly-defined PES includes a variety of actors at the national, regional and local levels. Local Employment Offices enjoy a high degree of autonomy in providing employment services but their work is not sufficiently coordinated at the central level. The payment of unemployment benefits and ALMPs are managed by separate bodies, and local Labour Committees implement labour market conditions for benefit eligibility. Municipalities, which administer social assistance benefits, also provide some employment services for their unemployed clients. In 2004, separate labour force service centres (LAFOS) were introduced with staff detached from the local Employment Offices, municipal services, and in some cases from the national social security institution, to provide specialised assistance for hard-to-place jobseekers. Since 2006, municipalities finance half the cost of the previously nationally-funded unemployment assistance for long-term unemployed, while the State finances half the cost of the basic assistance elements of social assistance payments. Activation measures have been improved for more than a decade. Since 1998, assistance benefit recipients have been increasingly referred to active programmes, and an activation plan procedure was introduced in 2001 and strengthened in 2006. However, the unemployed are required to participate in the drawing-up of an 'individual job-search plan' only after some months of unemployment, and the 'activation plan' is set up only after 136 weeks for earnings-related unemployment recipients. Finland still has an earnings-related benefit of nearly two years in duration, without intensive activation requirements comparable to those in Denmark or Sweden. Finland? s expenditure on ALMPs in recent years has been close to the EU15 average, while its expenditure on passive programmes has been well above the EU15 average. A relatively high proportion of the active expenditure is on Labour Market Training, which is of high quality but tends to be selective so that less-educated youths, older workers and the long-term unemployed are under-represented. Two measures introduced in the 2000s, rehabilitative work experience and workshops, succeed in reaching these groups. Besides training and wage subsidies, innovative programmes in Finland include Job Alternation Leave in which unemployed people temporarily replace incumbent workers, and Social Enterprises, which operate in the open market while employing people with relatively low productivity who qualify for a wage subsidy. Participation by people on earnings-related benefit as well as older workers in the traditional and innovative ALMPs needs to be increased." Die Untersuchung enthält quantitative Daten. Forschungsmethode: empirisch-quantitativ; empirisch; Längsschnitt; Querschnitt; Evaluation; anwendungsorientiert. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 1990 bis 2008. (author's abstract, IAB-Doku).
Erfasst von	Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Nürnberg
Update	2010/2