The impact of guidance during problem-solving prior to instruction on students' inventions and learning outcomes.

Autor/inn/en	Loibl, Katharina; Rummel, Nikol
Titel	The impact of guidance during problem-solving prior to instruction on students' inventions and learning outcomes.
Quelle	In: Instructional science, 42 (2014) 3, S. 305-326Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; gedruckt; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0020-4277; 1573-1952
DOI	10.1007/s11251-013-9282-5
Schlagwörter	Problemlösen; Entdeckendes Lernen; Erfindendes Lernen; Lernen; Lernprozess; Didaktik; Unterricht; Anleitung; Instruktion
Abstract	Multiple studies have shown benefits of problem-solving prior to instruction (cf. Productive Failure, Invention) in comparison to direct instruction. However, students' solutions prior to instruction are usually erroneous or incomplete. In analogy to guided discovery learning, it might therefore be fruitful to lead students towards the discovery of the canonical solution. In two quasi-experimental studies with 104 students and 175 students, respectively, [the authors] compared three conditions: problem-solving prior to instruction, guided problem-solving prior to instruction in which students were led towards the discovery of relevant solution components, and direct instruction. [They] replicated the beneficial effects of problem-solving prior to instruction in comparison to direct instruction on posttest items testing for conceptual knowledge. [A] process analysis further revealed that guidance helped students to invent better solutions. However, the solution quality did not correlate with the posttest results in the guided condition, indicating that leading students towards the solution does not additionally promote learning. This interpretation is supported by the finding that the two conditions with problem-solving prior to instruction did not differ significantly at posttest. The second study replicated these findings with a greater sample size. The results indicate that different mechanisms underlie guided discovery learning and problem-solving prior to instruction: In guided discovery learning, the discovery of an underlying model is inherent to the method. In contrast, the effectiveness of problem-solving prior to instruction does not depend on students' discovery of the canonical solution, but on the cognitive processes related to problem-solving, which prepare students for a deeper understanding during subsequent instruction. (Orig.).
Erfasst von	Externer Selbsteintrag
Update	2016/1